Esta es un versión antigua publicada el 2022-02-21. Consulte la versión más reciente.

Nuevas herramientas para el diagnóstico del cáncer de vejiga

Autores/as

  • Juan Fernando Paz Universidad de Cartagena. Cartagena, Colombia.
  • Fernando Echeverria Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia
  • Herney Andrés García-Perdomo Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48193/revistamexicanadeurologa.v82i1.847

Palabras clave:

Cáncer de vejiga, Imágenes diagnósticas, Resonancia Magnética Multiparamétrica, ecografía contrastada (CEUS)

Resumen

Resumen

El cáncer de vejiga es la undécima neoplasia maligna más frecuente a nivel mundial y conlleva una alta morbimortalidad. Para su diagnóstico, múltiples ayudas como la urotomografía y la cistoscopia, que permanecen como el estándar de oro en la actualidad. Se realizó una revisión narrativa en múltiples bases de datos (Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect). El diagnóstico fotodinámico, al igual que la reconstrucción vesical por tomografía para realización de cistoscopia virtual son herramientas que se han introducido más recientemente. Asimismo, la ecografía contrastada y particularmente la Resonancia Magnética Multiparamétrica vesical con la clasificación de VI-RADS se han propuesto como alternativas novedosas. Éstos últimos son tal vez las herramientas más promisorias, sin embargo, se requieren más estudios que permitan recomendar su uso generalizado, que aún se vería limitado por su disponibilidad.

Referencias

Teo MY, Rosenberg JE. Refining existing knowledge and management of bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2019;16(2):75–6. doi: 10.1038/s41585-018-0137-3

Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87–108. doi: 10.3322/caac.21262

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492

Chavan S, Bray F, Lortet-Tieulent J, Goodman M, Jemal A. International variations in bladder cancer incidence and mortality. Eur Urol. 2014;66(1):59–73. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.10.001

Burger M, Catto JWF, Dalbagni G, Grossman HB, Herr H, Karakiewicz P, et al. Epidemiology and risk factors of urothelial bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 2013;63(2):234–41. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.07.033

Alfred Witjes J, Lebret T, Compérat EM, Cowan NC, De Santis M, Bruins HM, et al. Updated 2016 EAU Guidelines on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol. 2017;71(3):462–75. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.06.020

Woldu SL, Bagrodia A, Lotan Y. Guideline of guidelines: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU Int. 2017;119(3):371–80. doi: 10.1111/bju.13760

Trinh TW, Glazer DI, Sadow CA, Sahni VA, Geller NL, Silverman SG. Bladder cancer diagnosis with CT urography: test characteristics and reasons for false-positive and false-negative results. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2018;43(3):663–71. doi: 10.1007/s00261-017-1249-6

Cumberbatch MGK, Noon AP. Epidemiology, aetiology and screening of bladder cancer. Transl Androl Urol. 2019;8(1):5–11. doi: 10.21037/tau.2018.09.11

Linder BJ, Bass EJ, Mostafid H, Boorjian SA. Guideline of guidelines: asymptomatic microscopic haematuria. BJU Int. 2018;121(2):176–83. doi: 10.1111/bju.14016

Aguilera Tubet C, Gutiérrez Baños JL, Antolín Juarez F, Rebollo Rodrigo MH, Portillo Martín JA, Ruiz Izquierdo F, et al. Estudio comparativo entre cistoscopia, citología urinaria, NMP-22 y un nuevo método, bladder chek, en el seguimiento del cáncer vesical superficial. Actas Urológicas Españolas. 2005;29(3):252–6.

Zhu C-Z, Ting H-N, Ng K-H, Ong T-A. A review on the accuracy of bladder cancer detection methods. J Cancer. 2019;10(17):4038–44. doi: 10.7150/jca.28989

Raman SP, Fishman EK. Upper and Lower Tract Urothelial Imaging Using Computed Tomography Urography. Urol Clin North Am. 2018;45(3):389–405. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2018.03.004

Wong VK, Ganeshan D, Jensen CT, Devine CE. Imaging and Management of Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(6):1396. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061396

Lin N, Wu Y-P, Lin Y-Z, Tao X, Chen S-H, Ke Z-B, et al. Risk factors for upper tract urothelial recurrence following local excision of bladder cancer. Cancer Med. 2018;7(8):4098–103. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1642

Oliva Encina J, Rioja Sanz C. Diagnóstico fotodinámico (PDD) en el cáncer vesical no músculo-invasivo. Revisión bibliográfica. 2009;33(9):965–75.

Sajid MA, Khurshid H, Saeed M, Salahuddin O. Flexible cystoscopy a valuable diagnostic tool for lower urinary tract pathology. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015;65(3):253–5.

Pietzak EJ. The Impact of Blue Light Cystoscopy on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bladder Cancer. Curr Urol Rep. 2017;18(5):39. doi: 10.1007/s11934-017-0685-8

Ahmadi H, Ladi-Seyedian SS, Konety B, Pohar K, Holzbeierlein JM, Kates M, et al. Role of blue-light cystoscopy in detecting invasive bladder tumours: data from a multi-institutional registry. BJU Int. 2021; doi: 10.1111/bju.15614

Burger M, Grossman HB, Droller M, Schmidbauer J, Hermann G, Drăgoescu O, et al. Photodynamic diagnosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with hexaminolevulinate cystoscopy: a meta-analysis of detection and recurrence based on raw data. Eur Urol. 2013;64(5):846–54. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.059

Pohar KS. Blue Light Cystoscopy: Indications and Outcomes. Curr Urol Rep. 2020;21(5):19. doi: 10.1007/s11934-020-0966-5

Daneshmand S, Patel S, Lotan Y, Pohar K, Trabulsi E, Woods M, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Blue Light Flexible Cystoscopy with Hexaminolevulinate in the Surveillance of Bladder Cancer: A Phase III, Comparative, Multicenter Study. J Urol. 2018;199(5):1158–65. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.11.096

Kutwin P, Konecki T, Cichocki M, Falkowski P, Jabłonowski Z. Photodynamic Diagnosis and Narrow-Band Imaging in the Management of Bladder Cancer: A Review. Photomed Laser Surg. 2017;35(9):459–64. doi: 10.1089/pho.2016.4217

Russo GI, Sholklapper TN, Cocci A, Broggi G, Caltabiano R, Smith AB, et al. Performance of Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) and Photodynamic Diagnosis (PDD) Fluorescence Imaging Compared to White Light Cystoscopy (WLC) in Detecting Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Lesion-Level Diagnostic Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(17):4378. doi: 10.3390/cancers13174378

Chou R, Selph S, Buckley DI, Fu R, Griffin JC, Grusing S, et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Fluorescent Versus White Light Cystoscopy for Initial Diagnosis or Surveillance of Bladder Cancer on Clinical Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Urol. 2017;197(3 Pt 1):548–58. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.10.061

Vining D, Zagoria R, Liu K, Stelts D. CT cystoscopy: An innovation in bladder imaging. AJR American journal of roentgenology. 1996;166:409–10. doi: 10.2214/ajr.166.2.8553956

Ibáñez Muñoz D, Quintana Martínez I, Fernández Militino A, Sánchez Zalabardo D, Sarria Octavio de Toledo L, Cozcolluela Cabrejas R. Virtual cystoscopy, computed tomography urography and optical cystoscopy for the detection and follow-up for bladder cancer. Radiologia. 2017;59(5):422–30. doi: 10.1016/j.rx.2017.04.003

Abrol S, Jairath A, Ganpule S, Ganpule A, Mishra S, Sabnis R, et al. Can CT Virtual Cystoscopy Replace Conventional Cystoscopy in Early Detection of Bladder Cancer? Adv Urol. 2015;2015:926590. doi: 10.1155/2015/926590

Elawady H, Mahmoud MA, Mostafa DMA, Abdelmaksoud A, Safa MW, Elia RZ. Computed tomography virtual cystoscopy for follow-up of patients with superficial bladder tumours in comparison to conventional cystoscopy: An exploratory study. Arab J Urol. 2016;14(3):192–7. doi: 10.1016/j.aju.2016.06.003

Gupta VG, Kumar S, Singh SK, Lal A, Kakkar N. Contrast enhanced ultrasound in urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: An underutilized staging and grading modality. Cent European J Urol. 2016;69(4):360–5. doi: 10.5173/ceju.2016.893

Jokisch F, Buchner A, Schulz GB, Grimm T, Weinhold P, Pfitzinger PL, et al. Prospective evaluation of 4-D contrast-enhanced-ultrasound (CEUS) imaging in bladder tumors. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2020;74(1):1–12. doi: 10.3233/CH-199231

Guo S, Xu P, Zhou A, Wang G, Chen W, Mei J, et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Differentiation Between Low- and High- Grade Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma and Correlation With Tumor Microvessel Density. J Ultrasound Med. 2017;36(11):2287–97. doi: 10.1002/jum.14262

Gurram S, Muthigi A, Egan J, Stamatakis L. Imaging in Localized Bladder Cancer: Can Current Diagnostic Modalities Provide Accurate Local Tumor Staging? Curr Urol Rep. 2019;20(12):82. doi: 10.1007/s11934-019-0948-7

Sun Y, Reynolds HM, Parameswaran B, Wraith D, Finnegan ME, Williams S, et al. Multiparametric MRI and radiomics in prostate cancer: a review. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 2019;42(1):3–25. doi: 10.1007/s13246-019-00730-z

Thoeny HC, Bellin M-F, Comperat E-M, Thalmann GN. Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS): Added Value for Management of Bladder Cancer Patients? Eur Urol. 2018;74(3):307–8. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.06.017

Huang L, Kong Q, Liu Z, Wang J, Kang Z, Zhu Y. The Diagnostic Value of MR Imaging in Differentiating T Staging of Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Radiology. 2018;286(2):502–11. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2017171028

Panebianco V, Narumi Y, Altun E, Bochner BH, Efstathiou JA, Hafeez S, et al. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Bladder Cancer: Development of VI-RADS (Vesical Imaging-Reporting And Data System). Eur Urol. 2018;74(3):294–306. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.04.029

Ficarra V, Dalpiaz O, Alrabi N, Novara G, Galfano A, Artibani W. Correlation between clinical and pathological staging in a series of radical cystectomies for bladder carcinoma. BJU Int. 2005;95(6):786–90. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05401.x

Kim JK, Park S-Y, Ahn HJ, Kim CS, Cho K-S. Bladder cancer: analysis of multi-detector row helical CT enhancement pattern and accuracy in tumor detection and perivesical staging. Radiology. 2004;231(3):725–31. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2313021253

Paner GP, Montironi R, Amin MB. Challenges in Pathologic Staging of Bladder Cancer: Proposals for Fresh Approaches of Assessing Pathologic Stage in Light of Recent Studies and Observations Pertaining to Bladder Histoanatomic Variances. Adv Anat Pathol. 2017;24(3):113–27. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000152

Kim B, Semelka RC, Ascher SM, Chalpin DB, Carroll PR, Hricak H. Bladder tumor staging: comparison of contrast-enhanced CT, T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging, dynamic gadolinium-enhanced imaging, and late gadolinium-enhanced imaging. Radiology. 1994;193(1):239–45. doi: 10.1148/radiology.193.1.8090898

Panebianco V, Barchetti F, de Haas RJ, Pearson RA, Kennish SJ, Giannarini G, et al. Improving Staging in Bladder Cancer: The Increasing Role of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur Urol Focus. 2016;2(2):113–21. doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2016.04.010

Panebianco V, Pecoraro M, Del Giudice F, Takeuchi M, Muglia VF, Messina E, et al. VI-RADS for Bladder Cancer: Current Applications and Future Developments. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2022;55(1):23–36. doi: 10.1002/jmri.27361

Del Giudice F, Barchetti G, De Berardinis E, Pecoraro M, Salvo V, Simone G, et al. Prospective Assessment of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) and Its Clinical Impact on the Management of High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Candidate for Repeated Transurethral Resection. Eur Urol. 2020;77(1):101–9. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.09.029

Ueno Y, Takeuchi M, Tamada T, Sofue K, Takahashi S, Kamishima Y, et al. Diagnostic Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement for the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Multireader Validation Study. Eur Urol. 2019;76(1):54–6. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.03.012

Wang H, Luo C, Zhang F, Guan J, Li S, Yao H, et al. Multiparametric MRI for Bladder Cancer: Validation of VI-RADS for the Detection of Detrusor Muscle Invasion. Radiology. 2019;291(3):668–74. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2019182506

Ueno Y, Tamada T, Takeuchi M, Sofue K, Takahashi S, Kamishima Y, et al. VI-RADS: Multiinstitutional Multireader Diagnostic Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement Study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2021;216(5):1257–66. doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.23604

Woo S, Panebianco V, Narumi Y, Del Giudice F, Muglia VF, Takeuchi M, et al. Diagnostic Performance of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System for the Prediction of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Oncol. 2020;3(3):306–15. doi: 10.1016/j.euo.2020.02.007

Jazayeri SB, Dehghanbanadaki H, Hosseini M, Taghipour P, Alam MU, Balaji KC, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of vesical imaging-reporting and data system (VI-RADS) in suspected muscle invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Urol Oncol. 2021;S1078-1439(21)00504-4. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.11.008

Erkoc M, Otunctemur A, Bozkurt M, Can O, Atalay HA, Besiroglu H, et al. The efficacy and reliability of VI-RADS in determining candidates for repeated transurethral resection in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(9):e14584. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14584

Pecoraro M, Del Giudice F, Magliocca F, Simone G, Flammia S, Leonardo C, et al. Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) for assessment of response to systemic therapy for bladder cancer: preliminary report. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021; doi: 10.1007/s00261-021-03365-5

Cao B, Li Q, Xu P, Chen W, Hu X, Dai C, et al. Preliminary Exploration of the Application of Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) in Post-treatment Patients With Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Single-Center Study. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2022;55(1):275–86. doi: 10.1002/jmri.27807

Compérat E, Gontero P, Liedberg F, Masson-Lecomte A, Mostafid AH, Palou J, et al. Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer. European Association of Urology; 2021. (EAU Guidelines).

Descargas

Publicado

2022-02-21

Versiones

Número

Sección

Artículos de revisión