Carcinoma renal de células claras de alto riesgo en estadio temprano tratado con nefrectomía parcial asistida por Hugo™ ras: reporte de caso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48193/gnnhe441Palabras clave:
Carcinoma renal de células claras; ; Nefrectomía parcial;, Cirugía robótica;, Hugo™ RAS; , Necrosis tumoral; , Invasión vascular;, Inmunohistoquímica.Resumen
Antecedentes: El carcinoma renal de células claras es la neoplasia maligna renal más frecuente y presenta comportamiento biológico heterogéneo. Factores como el grado nuclear, la necrosis tumoral y la invasión vascular influyen de manera significativa en el pronóstico, incluso en tumores de pequeño tamaño. El desarrollo de plataformas robóticas como el sistema Hugo™ RAS ha ampliado las opciones para cirugía conservadora de nefronas.
Caso clínico: Se presenta un paciente masculino de 42 años con una masa renal izquierda de aproximadamente 4 cm, de características sólido-quísticas con R.E.N.A.L. Score de 5p. Se realizó nefrectomía parcial asistida por sistema Hugo™ RAS, sin complicaciones. El análisis histopatológico evidenció carcinoma renal de células claras, grado nuclear WHO/ISUP 3, con necrosis tumoral del 30 % e invasión vascular, limitado al riñón y con márgenes quirúrgicos negativos (pT1a). El perfil inmunohistoquímico fue consistente con este subtipo, con positividad para CAIX y negatividad para CK7, TFE3 y ALK.
Discusión: A pesar de su estadio temprano, la presencia de necrosis, alto grado nuclear e invasión vascular sugiere un comportamiento potencialmente agresivo. Este caso destaca la importancia de integrar hallazgos histopatológicos con avances en cirugía robótica para una adecuada estratificación pronóstica y manejo clínico.
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