La asociación entre la presencia de enfermedad genética en la descendencia y la edad paterna: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48193/revistamexicanadeurologa.v82i5.945Palabras clave:
Envejecimiento paterno, enfermedades genéticas, edad paterna avanzada, revisión sistemáticaResumen
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la presencia de enfermedad genética en la descendencia y la edad paterna.
Métodos: Realizamos una revisión sistemática en: Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), desde el inicio hasta octubre de 2022. Incluimos ECA, estudios de cohortes, de casos y controles y transversales. Cada estudio fue evaluado de acuerdo con los criterios de elegibilidad. El metaanálisis no fue posible dada la heterogeneidad clínica y metodológica.
Resultados: Identificamos 502 estudios a través de la búsqueda en la base de datos. Se seleccionaron cuarenta y cinco estudios para la recopilación de datos y se incluyeron en el análisis cualitativo. En esta revisión sistemática no encontramos asociaciones con anomalías como trisomía 18, trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, síndrome de Tourette, trastorno esquizoafectivo, resultados perinatales adversos, alteraciones hematológicas, microcefalia, hidrocefalia, alteraciones gastrointestinales, labio hendido con o sin paladar hendido, paladar hendido y trastornos genitourinarios. Por el contrario, encontramos una tendencia de asociación entre padres mayores y trastornos psiquiátricos (esquizofrenia, autismo, síndrome de trastorno bipolar, discapacidad intelectual), cáncer del sistema nervioso y anomalías congénitas musculoesqueléticas en general.
Conclusión: Existe una tendencia de asociación entre la edad paterna avanzada y un mayor número de malformaciones congénitas respecto a algunas condiciones específicas.
Referencias
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